C-arm Rotation for Angiography

Because the x-ray image delivers a 2-dimensional view of the arteries of the heart, the C-arm must be rotated at different angles. The various angles allow the operator to open up overlappping arteries for more discrete visualization.

Anterior Position (AP) - The image intensifier is positioned directly over the anterior aspect of the patient. The x-ray beam travels from the posterior side and is received over the anterior side.

Right Anterior Oblique (RAO) - The image intensifier is positioned on the right side of the patient.

Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) - The image intensifier is positioned on the right side of the patient.

Cranial - The image intensifier is positioned toward the head of the patient.

Caudal - The image intensifier is positioned toward the feet of the patient.


Panning Techniques for Angiography

When viewing the coronary arteries under optimal magnification, you will be limited to only a portion of the arteries.

References

  • Baim, D.S. (2005) Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention. (7th ed.). Philadelphia,Pa: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
  • Kern, M. et al (2003) The Cardiac Catheterization Handbook (4th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby.

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